Notice of termination (výpověď z nájmu)
Notice of termination allows one party to end a lease without the other's consent, but it must meet the statutory conditions. For a flat, what matters is who gives notice, on what grounds, and whether it was properly delivered to the other party. That is why a single template won't fit every situation.
Also known as: termination of a lease agreement, ending a lease by notice
Who can give notice and on what grounds
A tenant can terminate a standard open-ended lease without giving a reason. With a fixed-term lease, you need to look at the contract and the statutory options for early termination, such as a fundamental change in circumstances. As a landlord, you can only terminate a flat lease on statutory grounds. Simply changing your mind about the tenancy is not enough.
The notice must be in writing and must be delivered to the other party. As a landlord, you must also state the grounds for termination and include the statutory information on the tenant's right to object and to seek judicial review. Leaving out this information has serious legal consequences. The requirements and grounds are set out in § 2286 to § 2288.
When there is no notice period and how long you have to challenge it
Termination without a notice period is the exception. Where a tenant seriously breaches their obligations, the law also requires a prior written request to remedy the situation within a reasonable time. As an example, it cites failure to pay rent and service charges for at least three months. This is not a general licence to terminate over any debt with the same letter. The conditions are laid down in § 2291.
The tenant may ask a court to review whether the notice was justified within two months of its delivery. A protest email to the landlord does not replace this step. The deadline is set by § 2290.
To illustrate: the tenant disagrees with the notice and the parties exchange messages for several weeks. Even ongoing negotiations are no reason to lose sight of the court deadline. So pass a disputed notice to a lawyer straight away, together with the contract and the envelope or other proof of delivery.
Keep the full text of the notice, along with evidence supporting the grounds and its delivery. If there is a dispute, don't focus only on the moving-out date; look at the available defences and their deadlines too. Once the lease ends, the flat must actually be handed over. Record its condition and the return of the keys in a handover protocol.
Sources checked on 13/09/2026. A general explanation does not replace a review of your specific contract or individual legal or tax advice.
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